Delphi used the SAE 2010 World Congress event in Detroit this week to unveil D-Connect, its answer to Nokia’s terminal mode smartphone connectivity solution. D-Connect addresses an array of in-vehicle connectivity challenges – including automotive-oriented application stores - while defining a radical new vision of center stack architecture. The system architecture is described as being built around an Intel or ARM processor with a Linux kernel, common Linux packages, Genivi, ported device applications and, finally, an HMI layer. Availability of D-Connect is likely dependent on OEM adoption. For the U.S. market, its significance is its representation of Delphi’s vision of universal smartphone connectivity and arrives as the company emerges from Chapter 11. The D-Connect vision simultaneously provides center stack connectivity for any smartphone – reproducing the on-device display in its entirety on a large touchscreen display mounted in portrait mode – with separate interfaces for when the vehicle is static or in motion. When the vehicle is not moving, the display allows access to all the apps displayed on the device and allows the device to be manipulated and the apps to be accessed directly from the large display via touch or voice interface. The system was shown with a physical connection, though Delphi says the system will support Bluetooth, USB or Wi-Fi connectivity. The D-Connect vision includes Delphi’s announced intention to provide app store support. Delphi says it will certify applications to determine which will be accessible when the vehicle is in motion. When in motion, the separate HMI display will appear with large on-screen icons including “Voice Search,” “Navigation,” “View Maps,” and “Contacts.” The system appears to be positioned as an alternative to Nokia’s terminal mode, shown most recently at CeBit and at the Geneva Motor Show. Nokia’s solution similarly provides for vehicle HMI control of smartphone functions and is being developed by Nokia in conjunction with Tier Ones such as Harman, Magneti Marelli and Continental along with some OEMs. Both the Delphi and Nokia solutions are still in concept mode. The significance of the Delphi solution is magnified by its proposed use of a large portrait display in the center stack, its ability to be operating system and connectivity agnostic, its in-motion interface with app certification and its use of the Genivi operating system in conjunction with separate Linux packages. The use of Genivi and Linux is unique and represents the first demonstration of a complete solution based on the newly proposed automotive operating system. It also allows Delphi to define a new path to the much discussed in-car application store. As far as the app store is concerned, Delphi sees application downloads working strictly via the device and functioning through device connectivity – not through a direct download into the car. Delphi uses the Genivi operating system and other Linux-based applications, to interface to downloaded apps, but prefers to keep the applications themselves outside the center stack software environment. Delphi’s approach contrasts with Continental’s AutolinQ system, which brings Android into the center stack. D-Connect will connect with Android phones and applications but does not bring that code on-board.  To further build the D-Connect brand, Delphi has also chosen to name the actual phone application D-Connect.

Lately industry observers have been predicting the arrival of the automotive app store along the lines of the Apple model. The predictions seem to suggest that this is a simple and obvious proposition with a single business model and development path. In fact, it is a complex and evolving proposition with no single solution or magic bullet. Ford Motor Company and Mercedes-Benz have already learned how challenging this proposition really is. Both organizations have successfully developed – in-house – their own applications – an expensive, labor intensive, and time consuming proposition. But application development is only part of the challenge. Here is the complete list: 1.         Platform selection – Which handsets will be supported? Which carriers will be partners? Which operating systems (versions!) will be adopted? 2.         App store selection – Which app-store(s) will be supported or used? Carrier? Handset maker? Third-party? Own branded? 3.         Pricing model – Free? Free for limited time? Free with premium add-ons? Free with paid premium version? Subscription (monthly, annual, lifetime)? Pay per use? Sponsored or ad-supported? 4.         Application acquisition – Download? Activate on-board app? Access cloud-based service? Access device-based app? Dealer install? 5.         Handling of upates – Automatic wireless? Customer self-service with USB drive or direct connection of handset? Dealer? Recently announcing the sale of its second million cars equipped with Sync, Ford appears to be having the most success, early on, in the automotive app business. Ford appears to prefer to distribute its Sync application directly from its www.syncmyride.com Website. This makes sense since some of the applications, such as 911 Assist, require a dealer installation. The Website also provides detailed phone and media device compatibility information along with software upgrade information, application demos and FAQs. Most of the Sync services are available for free for the first three years, and some require a data plan. The data plan requirement reflects an industry-wide inclination to leave data charges to the customer. The provision of free applications to Ford customers reflects a market decision to leverage Sync to sell more Fords – a game plan torn straight out of Apple’s playbook. Based on Strategy Analytics analysis of the Apple business model, the app store is positioned either as a loss-leader or breakeven proposition. The primary purpose of the Apple app store is to sell more iPhones, iPods, iTouches and, now, iPads. Similarly, Sync is intended to sell Fords and, judging from the fact that 2M Fords have been sold with Sync the strategy appears to have traction with consumers. The Sync proposition also has traction with dealers and fits well with the existing Sirius Travel Link services both of which are enabled by Nuance speech recognition. Both offer an effective customer demo. At Mercedes-Benz, the mobile application is called mbrace, which is also the name of the company’s new telematics service, which replaces Tele Aid. While Ford’s Bluetooth-enabled application works with most Bluetooth-enabled phones, mbrace is compatible with a narrow list of iPhones (OS 2.2.1 or later) and Blackberries (4.5 or later) including GPS models for customers that want to access location-aware applications. The mbrace application can be obtained from Apple’s iTunes store or Blackberry App World and the only carriers that are supported today are AT&T and Verizon Wireless. The mbrace service is $240/year or $480/year (@$20/month) for mbrace Plus which includes concierge and other location-aware services. Of course, Mercedes could always vary this pricing depending on its marketing objectives. Mercedes has not yet positioned mbrace as a service offering designed to sell more cars. The immediate purpose of mbrace was to replace the existing telematics service provider and create a mobile phone integration platform. And since Mercedes is also focused on providing premium telematics services first, as opposed to simple infotainment tasks, the company does recommend that the customer have an unlimited data plan. This is not a big deal considering most smartphone customers are required to purchase data plans. Like Ford, Mercedes is interested in rolling out additional applications from third parties on a regular basis. Ford has gotten a head start on this effort with the release of its software developer kit. For now, Mercedes has been content to continue to do most of its development in house. The latest application from Mercedes, also for the iPhone, is intended solely for the Smart vehicle line and includes a full suite of infotainment applications. There is no announced plan to bring this application, which works with a separately purchased cradle, to Mercedes-branded vehicles. The real challenge for car makers is that the mobile market is a moving target. Market leadership between handset makers, operating system suppliers and carriers is a dynamic environment ruled by supplier innovation and consumer preferences. Ford’s choice of a combined Bluetooth and USB interface to enable Sync has made it easier to keep pace with the changing array of available phones. But testing for compatibility remains a substantial undertaking. (The current Ford Sync compatibility chart is nine pages long.) Apple’s influence on this market has been to add a couple of layers of complexity or, to be charitable, opportunity. By opening up its app store to third-party developers, Apple signaled a key turning point in the app store model. Developers are now able to choose the platforms they want to develop for based on criteria such as size of addressable market, amount of revenue share, variety of available revenue models, and ease of doing business. With its rapid rate of customer acquisition and the flexibility of its application revenue models, Apple has raced ahead of competing app stores in attracting application developers and applications. (Apple has even gone so far as to provide a tool for developers to target pricing tiers to specific date triggers: http://bit.ly/a4ETQw.) Strategy Analytics has estimates of revenue shares (available to clients) with the caveat that these percentages vary and change. Ford’s decision to offer Sync for free for an extended period of time along with additional free applications reflects the desire to build an attractive addressable market. While handset makers such as Nokia (with its Ovi store) and carriers can target massive user populations, car makers are more challenged in rapidly building a sufficiently large user community. Ford has a significant jump on competitors with its 2M unit addressable market. App stores are coming to the automotive market, but the path will be a crooked and expensive one. There is no single model that will work for every player. Ford and Mercedes are pursuing similar paths with completely different approaches. Every car maker will have to find its own way. Two things are clear: The investment in an automotive application store is a multimillion dollar proposition involving significant and ongoing costs in development, support and marketing. The potential upside, though, is the opportunity to redefine a brand and increase sales and market share. Ford’s apparent success to date is a demonstration that at least one version of the Apple model can work in the automotive market. Further Insights: Wireless Media Strategies: How Apple Changed the Market for Mobile Applications – David MacQueen – http://bit.ly/9KSuVL Automotive Bluetooth: Profile Strategy Key to Infotainment Success – Mark Fitzgerald – http://bit.ly/9qEXbU CES 2010: The Arrival of Converged Automotive Multimedia Products – John Canali – http://bit.ly/9gp4yo

While car makers around the world are developing traditional embedded telematics systems for deployment worldwide, a secondary market in embedded (ie. line fit) and aftermarket modules intended to meet local mandates for eCall, vehicle tracking and road charging are proliferating. Mandates in such diverse locations as The Netherlands and Brazil are feeding this frenzy and new suppliers with new solutions are emerging on the scene on a weekly basis.

 

The six most prominent applications driving demand and interest - among suppliers, car makers and service providers – are pay-as-you-drive insurance (PAYD), the European eCall mandate, the Brazilian stolen vehicle recovery mandate, eHorizon map-as-a-sensor offerings, road charging (The Netherlands, France, Germany) and buy-here-pay-here solutions. Each one of these opportunities represents millions of devices to be sold and installed although, interestingly, the service opportunities are more limited with only PAYD, SVR and buy-here-pay-here promising any service revenue. Road charging in The Netherlands alone represents an 8M unit build with 300K-500K units/annually going forward.

 

PAYD is the highest profile opportunity in the industry today with Octo-Telematics leading the way in Europe with more than 1M installed devices in use. Smaller players are multiplying throughout the continent, though, as insurers recognize the opportunity to take customers from competitors, reward their own “best” customers, and gather better data for determining risk. Progressive is the market leader in the U.S., but with competition fierce in the automotive insurance industry, PAYD will be embraced nationwide. Not coincidentally, Octo-Telematics has partnered with Directed Electronics to tackle the U.S. market.

 

After PAYD, the Brazilian mandate for stolen vehicle tracking and vehicle immobilization has attracted as much attention as PAYD with several companies claiming design-in wins. There were some hiccoughs on the way to achieving a nationwide mandate, but the latest indications are that 100% of vehicles produced in Brazil will be obliged to be fitted with tracking devices enabled for vehicle immobilization. The compromise that allows the mandate to move forward leaves the service provisioning to the customer’s discretion.

 

Road charging, an application already widely deployed in the fleet industry, is coming to passenger cars to reduce emissions, traffic, and accident rates. The volumes for road charging will be significant and suppliers are circling.

 

The eHorizon solutions, in module form, offered by Navteq/Magneti Marelli/ST Microelectronics and lately demonstrated by Intermap/Visteon offer to integrate map and road elevation data into advanced driver assistance applications. The volumes here will grow, but the rate will be slow as consumers gradually come to embrace emerging safety systems.

 

Buy-here-pay-here modules used by both new and used car resellers to track and immobilize customers that miss payments is the most well-established of all the module-related opportunities. Players in the industry have recently coalesced around the Payment Assurance Technology Association (http://www.patassociation.com/index.php) to raise the profile of this vital application as a legitimate segment worthy of attention and respect. No doubt demand has never been higher given current economic decisions.

 

Supplier approaches to module mania range from application specific solutions to all-purpose devices not only suitable to multiple uses but remotely configurable and integrated with Website access. ABS T&T, which has partnered with Continental, distributes a multipurpose module for tracking and telematics applications ranging from shipment tracking to stolen vehicle recovery and telematics.

 

NXP offers its ATOP module which it describes as the world’s first single component on board unit (OBU) capable of supporting ITS applications, stolen vehicle tracking, PAYD applications, last mile tracking (automotive black box) as well as enabling ADAS systems. The device can be configured with a wide range of connectivity including GSM, CAN, near field communication (NFC, USB, and GPS and also enables downloadable applications.

 

Whether purpose-built or all-purpose, module makers are proliferating spurred on by government mandates as well as new and existing commercial opportunities from both the consumer telematics and fleet market segments. This is precisely the right stimulus package for an automotive industry on the mend.

Leveraging its TotalGuide interactive programming guide and Lasso and Connected Platform networking technology, Rovi is seeking to become master of all content.  The company wants to own the interface between the user of audio and video content and the process of discovering and acquiring that content regardless of source or device platform. At the CES show in January, the company was touting new content partnerships with Showtime Networks, ZillionTV and Rhapsody in the U.S. along with a list of European based firms.  Existing sources include CBS, Blockbuster, YouTube and Roxio CinemaNow.  Rovi’s technology is built upon, among other things, the growing metadata and user review databases of its own AllMediaGuide and partner Flixster, along with WideVine’s digital rights management solution.  The company claims more than 25 million U.S and 50 million worldwide households using its interactive programming guide which also serves as an advertising platform. While Rovi’s role in the automotive market is less obvious, the company is more than three years into a drive to resolve content and rights-related challenges to accessing media and content from multiple sources conveniently and legally on mobile devices and in cars as well as in homes. Rovi’s role in the automotive market is growing as in-vehicle device interfaces such as USB ports and Wi-Fi connections proliferate along with external connections via embedded modules or smartphones.  More content and media are being brought into cars and Rovi is coming along for the ride.  Current partners in the automotive segment include Kenwood and NXP. Rovi’s technology is also used by Apple’s iTunes store among many other online content sellers. Introduced late last year and currently available, Rovi’s automotive solution combines its Lasso and Connected Platformm technology for the automotive market and includes:

• Media Lookup: the ability to use Rovi's metadata library to identify, tag and manage digital content.
• Rich Entertainment Metadata: information on a variety of music and movies, supports multiple content types from CDs, digital files, DVD, Blu-ray Discs.
• Software Update: periodic updating of embedded databases via removable media or home network connectivity.
• Content Transfer: transfer of audio files and metadata to the vehicle from standards-based devices on a home network.
• Device Sharing: interoperability of portable devices via USB and standards-based connectivity.

To achieve the necessary connectivity, Rovi is supporting the Digital Living Network Alliance’s (DLNA) new guidelines for the service provider market that will enable consumers to play back and share commercial video and music across DLNA Certified devices. DLNA certified devices are proliferating in the PC (Windows 7), set-top box, TV, Blu-Ray, and mobile device markets, paving the way for smoother access to content from multiple sources. In the consumer electronics market, Rovi wants to become the default programming guide for the next generation of HDTVs, Blu-ray players and set-top boxes.  The importance of this effort is that the company is bringing together both in-home consumer electronics content access and mobile device access.  TotalGuide will integrate cable and broadband video content side-by-side, in a single unified interface in the home, but can be expected to deliver a similar solution in mobile environments. This means, Rovi will help enable the discovery and distribution of content, regardless of the delivery source or device platform.  And Rovi also has the user reviews and metadata from partners like Flixster to offer social recommendations for video viewing.  Competitors include Vudu, Boxee and TiVo, among others, but Rovi arguably has an edge with its unique combination of content, rights protection, metadata, and user reviews. And Rovi is the only player pursuing automotive opportunities.

Rovi’s rights protection technology comes from Widevine’s video optimization and DRM solutions.  Widevine is a provider of adaptive streaming, interactive DVD/Blu-ray and DRM technologies to Internet content services as well as cable, satellite and telecommunications companies.  Rovi says that by working with Widevine, consumers using its TotalGuide will be able to have access on their TVs to more content, such as movies and TV shows, from more providers.  At the CES show, Rovi showed its new Media Management content management solution.  Media Management helps manufacturers of PCs, set-top boxes, mobile handsets, and network-attached storage devices identify, tag and organize digital music, videos and photos by attaching descriptive metadata to the asset for easier filing and searching..

No, not really. But it seems as if that headline could be written any day now. Apple’s influence inside the car has become as pervasive as Google’s influence outside it. Apple’s iPods and iPhones have fundamentally altered the automotive audio experience and are speeding the demise of the in-car CD player.

 

The electronics industry may be abuzz regarding the impending arrival of the Apple “iSlate” tablet computer, but auto makers and their suppliers are wrestling every day with the impact of hundreds of millions of iPods and millions of iPhones. Even telecommunications companies have felt Apple’s touch, causing them to re-evaluate flat rate data plans as iPhone users tune in to Internet radio and streaming video applications en masse.

 

But Apple’s influence began 6-7 years ago. Apple’s iPods arrived on the market around the same time aftermarket companies were toying with the idea of removable and dockable storage drives in cars. Companies from Seagate to Kenwood, Phatnoise and Rosen Entertainment, among others, dabbled in this area to the extent of bringing products into the marketplace only to discover that the iPod had become the de facto portable storage device for in-vehicle use.

 

A similar reality is unfolding today as car makers seek to bring Internet access into the car via embedded modules, while iPhone users are bringing Internet applications to the car via their iPhones. Today, iPhone users can access Internet radio, podcasts, navigation and location-related applications all from their smartphones. In fact, many car makers provide proprietary Apple connectors with their new cars. (The salesman who sold me my car last year provided these connectors - which are now jammed into my console for storage - even though I use a Blackberry.)

 

We have Apple to thank/blame for the proliferation of AUX IN and USB connectors in cars and, soon, we may have Apple to thank/blame for the demise of the automotive CD drive. For now, CDs persist out of convenience, low cost and wide consumer acceptance. But retail sales are in freefall even as downloads continue to gain, particularly, of course, for iTunes. When it comes to low cost, a properly connected iPhone delivers as much value as the average multifunction head unit – and more.

 

The latest iPhone vehicle connectivity developments revolve around transferring control of the device to the in-vehicle HMI. Most Tier Ones have mastered this task enabling steering wheel and other controls to manage iPhone functions. The next step in the works is to transfer the images displayed on the iPhone screen to the center stack display, if there is one. But the convergence of Apple devices and automobiles will continue especially as the installed base of devices continues to grow.

 

That installed base fuels a massive aftermarket. Apple’s presence in the mobile electronics industry was never more obvious than at the Consumer Electronics Show earlier this month where dozens of companies showed devices for connecting or mounting Apple products in cars. The Apple automotive aftermarket alone is probably bigger than the rest of the automotive aftermarket combined - roughly speaking.

 

Rest assured that OEMs and their suppliers are laboring furiously to get out in front of Apple’s next move that may influence the car buying public. Maybe the iSlate will alter the automotive aftermarket in some fundamental way. Is an Apple head unit next? Not likely. Not now, after Apple has forever altered the in-car audio experience. For the foreseeable future, every head unit maker will have to make a pit stop in Cupertino before bringing their next product to market.